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IELTS
English Vocabulary -
D
DAMAGE:
(verb) Destroy or
break. Example: ‘The tornado damaged a large number of houses’.
DATA:
(noun) Statistics,
figures, information. For example: ‘The most accurate data available on a
country’s population is probably found in Census information collected every
four years in a Government survey.’
DEADLINE:
(noun) The time by
which something must be done or completed. Example: ‘The deadline for finishing
the report is next Tuesday’.
When the punishment
for a crime means you will be killed, this is the death penalty. See also:
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
DEBATE:
(noun) Discussion,
argument. For example: ‘Controversial subjects such as capital punishment often
attract heated debate.’
DEBT:
(noun) Something owed;
needs to be repaid. Example: ‘Many students amass a large debt while studying.’
DECADE:
(noun) Ten year
period. For example: ‘Almost certainly violent crime has increased dramatically
over the last decade.’
DECLINE:
(noun) A weakening, a
fall off, a drop off. For example: ‘Fortunately, there has been a decline in
the number of cigarette smokers over recent years.’
DEDUCE:
(verb) Figure out,
reason, work out. For example: ‘It can be deduced from the information given
that the problem is likely to continue.’
DEDUCTION:
(noun) A conclusion
drawn from evidence. Example: ‘The deduction made was clearly logical.’
DEFINE:
(verb) Identify,
describe. For example: ‘The main responsibilities of a job are defined in the
job description.’
DEFINITE:
(adjective) Certain,
sure. For example: ‘Scientists know that there are definite links between
cigarette smoking and lung cancer, though the causes of many other cancers as
still unknown.’
DEMONSTRATE:
(verb) To show.
Example: ‘It is important to demonstrate a range of accurate grammar in your
IELTS essay’.
DENOTE:
(verb) Indicate,
stand for, identify. For example: ‘Many road accidents are caused because
drivers do not understand the Highway Code and ignore road signs which denote
the need for caution.’
DENY:
(verb) Disallow,
refuse. For example: ‘The students were denied the right to longer holidays
despite their protests.’
DEPRESS:
(verb) Weaken, cause
to drop. For example: ‘The Government should take action in reducing inflation
as many people are worried that it will depress the economy even further.’
DERIVE:
(verb) Arrive at
(from reasoning). For example: ‘This conclusion can logically be derived from
the information given.’
DESCRIPTION:
(noun) A statement
that describes something. Example: ‘For Task I writing, you may have to give a
description of a diagram’.
DESIGN:
(verb) Invent,
create. For example: ‘The Head of the Marketing Department has designed a new
marketing strategy which will hopefully bring more business to the company.’
DESPITE:
(preposition) In
spite of, even with. For example: ‘Despite the Government’s efforts to increase
safety of citizens, the level of crime has continued to increase.’
DETECT:
(verb) Form an
inpression, find out, discover. For example: ‘From the reaction of the staff,
it was easy to detect that they were unhappy with the new proposal.’
DETERIORATE:
(verb) To get worse.
For example: ‘The situation has deteriorated’.
DETRACT FROM:
(verb) reduce value
or importance of something. Example: ‘His negative comments detracted from the
enjoyment of the evening’.
DEVIATE:
(verb) Move away
from, differ. For example: ‘A large number of young people today like to
deviate from the norm of their society.’
DEVICE:
(noun) Machine, tool,
gadget. For example: ‘Electronic devices such as mobile phones have improved
our ability to communicate’
DEVOTE:
(verb) dedicate,
give, alot. For example: ‘It is important to devote adequate time to studying
for an exam to ensure a good result.’
DIALOGUE:
(noun) A
conversation. Example: ‘In Parts One and Three of the listening test, you will
hear a dialogue between two or more people and you will have to answer
questions.’
DIFFERENTIATE:
(verb) Tell apart,
distinguish, see the difference between. For example: ‘It is important for
teachers to differentiate between the different skills and abilities of their
students to ensure they all get a good education.’
DIMENSION:
(noun) Aspect,
feature, factor. For example: ‘The subject has many dimensions which must be
taken into consideration when formulating a rounded argument.’
DIMINISH:
(verb). Reduce,
weaken, detract from (authority, reputation, prestige, responsibility).
Example: ‘Many people are unhappy when laws are introduced which seem to
diminish parents’ responsibility for their own children.’
DIRECTION:
(noun) Route, focus,
aim. Example: ‘The introduction of a report shows the direction and main ideas
included in the body’.
DISADVANTAGED:
Not having an equal
situation to something or someone else; when something or someone has less than
other people have.
DISCHARGE:
(verb) 1. To fire a
weapon. ‘He discharged the gun’
(verb) 2. To release.
let go. ‘The patient was discharged from hospital this morning’.
DISCRETE:
(adjective) Separate,
disconnected. For example: ‘The Council is made up of there discrete divisions
and communication between them is often difficult.’
DISCRIMINATE:
(verb) Show
prejudice. For example: ‘Companies should not discriminate against older
workers because of their age as their knowledge, experience and maturity can be
of great benefit to a business.’
DISMISS:
(verb) Choose to
ignore; decide something is unimportant. Example: ‘The CEO dismissed the idea
of higher wages for staff’.
DISORDER:
(noun) Illness,
syndrome. Example: ‘Many learning disorders have now been identified.’
DISPARITY:
(noun) A
difference, something that is not similar. Example: ‘There are disparities in
economic stability in different regions’.
See also: INEQUALITY
DISPLACE:
(verb) move or shift
from usual position. For example: ‘Due to the enormous damage to property a
large number if people were displaced due to the damage caused by earthquake.’
DISPLAY:
(verb) show, present.
For example: ‘By law, motorists must display a current tax disc in the
windscreen of their vehicle.’
DISPOSE OF:
(verb) Get rid of,
throw away. For example: ‘It is our duty as citizens to dispose of rubbish
responsibly.’
DISTINCT:
(adjective) clear,
defintie, noticeable. For example: ‘The bar chart shows that there is a
distinct variation in purchasing habits over the period shown.’
DISTORT:
(verb) Alter, warp,
misrepresent. For example: ‘The facts received were so distorted that it was
difficult to know the truth of the matter.’
DISTRIBUTE:
(verb) Spread, give
out. For example: ‘It is the Council’s responsibility to distribute information
leaflets on this topic to ensure that the public are aware.’
DIVERSE:
(adjective) Varied,
including different types. For example: ‘Cities such as London for example, are
interesting as the population there is made up of many cultures and is so
diverse.’
DIVISION:
(noun) Differences in
standard between two or more things. Example: ‘There are divisions in wealth
between different areas of the country’.
DOCUMENT:
(noun) Report, file,
paper. For example: ‘A marriage certificate is an example of a legally-binding
document.’
DOGMATIC:
(adjective)
Describing opinions or beliefs that are unproven but presented as facts.
Example: ‘It is important that you state your opinions in an appropriate manner
and are not dogmatic.’
DOMAIN:
(noun) Area. sphere.
For example: ‘The domain of computer science involves many sub areas.’
DOMESTIC:
(adjective) Within a
country, internal, national. For example: ‘A number of countries generate much
higher income from business in their international markets than from domestic
sales.’
DOMINATE:
(verb) Rule, control,
lead, govern, overshadow. For example: ‘Use of Microsoft products is so
widespread it can be said that they dominate the software industry.’
DRAFT:
(verb) Draw up,
prepare, plan. For example: ‘I need to draft a proposal before the meeting next
week.’
DRAMA:
(noun) Crisis,
commotion. For example: ‘The proposed changes to the education system have
caused quite a drama in the newspapers recently.’
DRAMATIC:
(adjective)
Signiificant, large, major. “There was a dramatic rise in the cost of
production.”
DRAWBACK:
(noun) a problem, a
weakness. Example: ‘One drawback of living in a foreign country is that you may
not be able to communicate so easily’.
DULL:
(adjective) Not
interesting; boring. Example: ‘Some technical books can be very dull to read.’
DURATION:
(noun) Period, length
of time. For example: ‘Exam candidates are not allowed to talk at all for the
full duration of the exam.’
DYNAMIC:
(adjective)
Continually changing or progressing. For example: ‘The IT industry is extremely
dynamic with huge investment into Research and Development. ‘
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